On March 6, the Fourth Session of the 14th National People's Congress held a press conference focusing on the economy, and the heads of the five ministries and commissions of the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce, the People's Bank of China and the China Securities Regulatory Commission appeared together to answer questions from Chinese and foreign reporters on hot issues such as economic policies, fiscal arrangements, foreign trade, finance, and stock markets.
What are the key information worth paying attention to? Jingtai interprets it for you.
Point 1: What are the major engineering projects during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period?
The "Outline (Draft)" of the "15th Five-Year Plan" puts forward 109 major projects and projects, including major projects that go to the sky and reach thousands of miles, as well as people's livelihood projects related to everyone's food, clothing, housing and transportation, which are specific to 6 aspects, including: 28 to lead the development of new quality productive forces, 23 to build a modern infrastructure system, 9 to promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas, 25 to ensure and improve people's livelihood, 18 to promote green and low-carbon transformation, and 6 to ensure security in key areas.
First, from the perspective of long-term layout, a number of strategic projects will be implemented. We will continue to promote a series of major energy projects with an investment of more than one trillion yuan, such as Yaxia Hydropower, "Shage Huang" new energy base, and offshore wind power base, to ensure the modernization of the country and the happy life of the people. The implementation of "dual carbon" projects such as energy conservation and carbon reduction in key industries is very important, both incremental and reduced.
It will also promote a series of major transportation projects such as the new channel of water transport in the Three Gorges and the new channel of the southern section of the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway, basically build the main channel of the "eight vertical and eight horizontal" high-speed railway and the national expressway network, and fully connect the backbone channel of the highway connecting China's land border areas, which not only reduces social logistics costs, but also supports the convenience of the people's travel, and better promotes the close integration of investment in things and people.
Second, from the perspective of future development, promote a number of leading future industrial projects. A series of new industries and new tracks will be laid out, and the "15th Five-Year Plan" will also promote a series of major projects and projects such as artificial intelligence ultra-large-scale intelligent computing clusters, satellite Internet, and controllable nuclear fusion.
Third, considering the actual needs of thousands of households, a number of people's livelihood projects with temperature and a sense of gain should be implemented. In response to the social and people's livelihood issues that everyone is generally concerned about, a number of major system projects and cluster projects that can be felt and reached in the fields of education, medical and health care, elderly care and childcare, and care for children in distress and left-behind children have been implemented to increase the proportion of government investment in people's livelihood and continuously improve the level of public services.
The 109 projects of the "15th Five-Year Plan" include both "sky-high" big country projects and "overwhelming" people's livelihood trivial matters - not only to build rockets, but also to repair the roads at the doorstep; It is necessary to seize the future, but also to make ordinary people feel more gained.
Point 2: What is the support for the "6+3" service consumption project?
In order to promote service consumption, the Ministry of Commerce said that in January this year, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Work Plan for Accelerating the Cultivation of New Growth Points for Service Consumption", which clarified the "6+3" areas to focus on.
6 key areas: transportation, housekeeping services, online audio-visual (such as video platforms, live broadcasts), sojourn and pension, automobile aftermarket (repair, maintenance, modification, etc.), inbound consumption (attracting foreign tourists).
3 potential areas: performances, sports events, experiential services (such as immersive exhibitions, parent-child studies, etc.).
Next, the Ministry of Commerce will work with relevant departments to introduce more specific support policies for these areas, so that consumers can benefit and businesses can operate well.
At the same time, promote the "opening up + internal liberalization" of the service industry: externally, expand market access, and accelerate pilot opening up in value-added telecommunications, biotechnology, wholly foreign-owned hospitals and other fields. Internally, clean up all kinds of unreasonable restrictions, break down local protection and industry barriers, and allow more high-quality services to enter the market.
The state should make service consumption "popular" - from watching performances and hiring nannies, to repairing cars, traveling, and visiting international hospitals, it must be more convenient, more diverse, and of higher quality.
Point 3: Beidou large-scale application project and "artificial intelligence +" action are the focus of the new pillar industry
In terms of cultivating new pillar industries, the National Development and Reform Commission has clearly pointed out two "trump cards": Beidou and artificial intelligence (AI), and given specific goals: within 5 years, the scale of Beidou industry will exceed 1 trillion yuan; By the end of the 15th Five-Year Plan (about 2030), the scale of artificial intelligence-related industries will exceed 10 trillion yuan.
These two numbers are not casual - they mean that Beidou and AI are becoming "new infrastructure" like power grids and highways, deeply integrated into all walks of life.
Why do you say that?
Beidou sounds tall, but it has already entered daily life: mobile phone navigation, takeaway rider positioning, fishing boat ocean operations, earthquake emergency rescue...... There is a figure of Beidou behind it. Next, the state should vigorously promote the large-scale application of Beidou in more scenarios such as transportation, agriculture, disaster prevention, and communications.
The "artificial intelligence +" action should turn AI into a "universal tool": not only to write copywriting and drawings, but also to go deep into thousands of industries such as manufacturing, medical care, finance, education, and logistics, and truly realize "using AI to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and create services".
The National Development and Reform Commission emphasized that the key to building a modern industrial system is to "twist scientific and technological innovation and industrial upgrading into a rope": while accelerating the elimination of old kinetic energy, it is accelerating the growth of emerging industries and future industries.
“1万亿北斗” + “10万亿AI” = 中国未来十年最硬核的两条产业赛道。它们不只代表技术，更将成为支撑经济增长的新引擎。
｜要点四：积极支持新型消费
证监会正在加快推进创业板改革，目标是更好地支持实体经济，特别是新兴产业和未来产业的发展。
具体来说，改革主要有三个方向。
放宽上市条件：新增一套更灵活、更包容的上市标准，让那些在新型消费、现代服务业等领域有创新能力的优质企业，即使不是“硬科技”公司，也有机会在创业板上市。
Learn from the experience of the Science and Technology Innovation Board: Promote some successful practices of the Science and Technology Innovation Board to the GEM. For example, high-quality enterprises with leading technology and core breakthroughs can be pre-examined for IPO in advance; allow enterprises under review to issue additional shares to old shareholders; optimize the pricing mechanism of new shares, etc.
Improve the quality of listed companies: From enterprise recommendation, review to post-listing supervision, establish a complete set of systems to ensure that truly high-quality enterprises can be listed, and develop sustainably and healthily, so as to better serve the local economy and private economy.
At present, this set of reform plans has been basically finalized and will be launched and implemented in a timely manner after further improvement.
Point 5: Optimize the refinancing mechanism and highlight the orientation of "supporting the excellent and supporting the department"
Refinancing is an important tool used by listed companies to expand their business, increase research and development, and enhance competitiveness, and it is also a key link in the capital market to serve the real economy. In order to further improve efficiency and facilitate enterprises and investors, regulators are optimizing the refinancing mechanism from three aspects.
First, make refinancing rules more flexible and practical.
Relax the criteria for identifying "strategic investors" so that more long-term funds (such as social security funds, insurance funds, and public funds) can easily participate.
Launch the "shelf issuance" mechanism: enterprises can be approved at one time and issued in batches to avoid excessive one-time financing or poor timing, and guide more rational and effective financing behavior.
Improve the "lock-in price fixed increase" rule: make the price of private placement closer to the actual market price, which not only protects the interests of listed companies, but also takes into account the fairness of investors. Simplify the small and fast financing process so that compliant companies can get their funds faster.
Second, focus on supporting high-quality technology enterprises.
The identification criteria of "light assets and high R&D investment", which were originally only applicable to the Science and Technology Innovation Board and the ChiNext Board, will be extended to the main board. This means that even if the company does not have a large number of plant equipment, as long as it has a large R&D investment and high technical content, it can be easier to obtain refinancing support.
For high-quality companies with standardized governance and good market reputation, the review speed will be greatly accelerated.
At the same time, it allows more refinancing funds to be used for R&D (such as increasing the proportion of replenishment funds available for R&D) and shortens the waiting time between refinancings, helping companies invest in innovation faster.
Third, strengthen the supervision of the whole process to prevent the chaos of "circle money".
From the disclosure of financing plans by enterprises to the final use of funds, the whole process is strictly supervised.
Severely crack down on violations such as "flickering" financing (such as fabricating projects to cheat money) and changing the use of funds without authorization, and effectively protect the rights and interests of investors.
These reforms are an important step in deepening the investment and financing system of the capital market, reflecting that the capital market is paying more and more attention to the R&D capabilities, technical barriers and long-term innovation potential of enterprises, rather than just looking at immediate profits or asset size.
In the future, capital will flow more effectively to high-quality enterprises with real innovative capabilities.
